Wood encyclopedia

Pear tree

The world of the pear tree

Birke (PYCM)

Holzbirnbaum, Wildbirnbaum, Schweizer Birnbaum

botanische Bezeichnung

Pyrus communis, Familie Rosaceae

Verbreitung

Europa (ausgenommen Nordeuropa), Nordafrika, Westasien über Persien und den Himalaya bis nach Ostasien und Japan

Birnbaum_Baum

Pear tree

kurz und knapp

The pear tree, scientifically known as Pyrus communis and belonging to the Rosaceae family, is a true European. It can be found in Europe (except in the far north), North Africa, West Asia as far as East Asia and Japan. It is known internationally under various trade names, such as wood pear tree, wild pear tree and Swiss pear tree (DE), poirier (FR), pear (GB), pera, perastro (IT), peren (NL), pereira (PT), peral (ES), körte (HU), and grusza (PL).

The pear tree has a long history and is one of the oldest cultivated plants in Europe. Its tasty fruit has developed into an impressive variety over the course of two millennia. Nowadays, the pear tree is one of the economically important domestic timber trees alongside maple, ash, hornbeam, cherry and walnut. However, demand is often higher than supply, as the wood is available in small quantities.

The pear tree wood sold in Germany comes mainly from abandoned orchards. Wild pears from mixed deciduous forests only play a minor role. The increasing demand for domestic timber has highlighted the gap between supply and demand, particularly for pear wood. In order to meet the needs of the furnishing sector, similar woods such as service tree and some maple and birch species are increasingly being used.

Birnbaum nachhaltige Holzpflege aus 100% natürlichen Inhaltsstoffen. studio moreandlessBirnbaum o nachhaltige Holzpflege aus 100% natürlichen Inhaltsstoffen. studio moreandless

Color and texture

The wood of the pear tree has a uniformly light, yellowish to reddish brown color, which darkens under the influence of light. The sapwood and core are indistinguishable when dry. In older trees, an optional heartwood formation with brown-violet nuances may occur. The small vessels and wood rays can be seen with a magnifying glass and give the wood an attractive, flamed or grooved grain.

Charakter

Pear wood is homogeneous in color and structure, often plain and has medium hardness and high surface density. However, it can also have a special grain that makes the wood unique.

Workability

Pear wood is moderately heavy and less strong than beech and oak, but still easy to work with. With its fine texture, it is tough and difficult to split. Steaming makes it bendable, and its even structure makes it ideal for milling, turning and carving. The wood is easy to cut and steaming gives it depth of color and intensity.

Drying process

During drying, the moderately to strongly shrinking wood tends to deform and form cracks. Careful stacking and drying management are required to avoid gray discoloration. Nevertheless, the dry wood shows good dimensional stability.

Natural durability

Birnbaumholz ist gegenüber Pilzbefall nur mäßig dauerhaft, unabhängig davon, ob es im Naturzustand oder gedämpft ist. Daher sind bei bestimmten Anwendungen Vorsichtsmaßnahmen notwendig. Die natürliche Dauerhaftigkeit (DIN-EN 350-2)  von Birnbaumholz liegt bei Klasse 4–5.

Areas of application

Pear wood was once in great demand in cabinetmaking, especially as veneer and occasionally as solid wood. Nowadays, its limited availability restricts its use to particularly valuable, handcrafted furniture. It still has a firm place in musical instrument making, especially for recorders. It is also valued in arts and crafts for woodturning, jewelry and games.

Alternatives

Ferrous metals can cause faint gray discoloration on damp pear wood, so non-corrosive fasteners are recommended. Despite certain challenges in sourcing and processing, pear wood remains a valued material due to its unique properties and historical significance.

Birnbaum | Holzlexikon | Holzarten | studio moreandless | Holzwissen

Birnbaum | Holzlexikon | Holzarten | studio moreandless | Holzwissen

Birnbaum | Holzlexikon | Holzarten | studio moreandless | Holzwissen

Birnbaum | Holzlexikon | Holzarten | studio moreandless | Holzwissen

Birnbaum | Holzlexikon | Holzarten | studio moreandless | Holzwissen
Birnbaum | Holzlexikon | Holzarten | studio moreandless | Holzwissen

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